让我们一起走进历史 装上自动装填机制的IS-3

  　　Inmid-50’s,apartoftheSovietarmywashavingalookattheirheavytanks,analyzingtheirissuesanddrawbacks.Oneofthemajorissuesoftheheavieswastheirlowrateoffire.Thetwo-pieceshellswerequiteslowtoload,resultinginaverageratesoffiresomewherebetween2and3roundsperminute(comparedto6to8roundsperminuteofthemediumtanks).Thiswasespeciallytrueforthe122mmshellsoftheD-25gunandwaysweresoughttoremedythesituation.　　Oneofthesolutionsthatpresenteditselfduringtheresearchwastoequiptanksarmedwith122mmD-25withsomesortofautomaticorsemi-automaticloadingsystem.Thesystemhoweverwasquiteunwieldyandsincetheloaderstillhadtobepresentandtheturretwasnotbigenough,suchasystemcouldpotentiallyleadtothereductionoftheamountofammunitioncarried.　　Theuseoftheelectro-mechanicrammerontheT-10madethelifeoftheloadermucheasierandithadotheradvantagesaswell–theguncouldbeforexampleloadedwhileelevatedupto28degrees–butfailedtosignificantlyincreasethetank’srateoffire–withthetwo-pieceammunition,itstayedrelativelylow(4roundsperminute).　　Toimprovetherateoffire,thestudentsoftheBTVacademy(MilitaryArmoredForcesAcademy)camewithanovelsolution–toinstall2two-layerpistol-stylemagazinesintovariousheavytanks,includingtheIS-3.Themagazinesservedasammoracks(theywerenotloadedextra)andwereoperatedelectrically(usinghydraulics).OnemagazinecontainedHEshells,onecontainedAPshells.Incaseofelectric(hydraulic)failure,themagazinescouldbealsooperatedmanually.Inordertofittheentiremagazineintotheturret,theinsidehadtobesignificantlyreworkedandthetankcrewwasaccordingtotheBTVproposaltobereducedtothreemen,thedesignoftheturrethadtobechangedsomewhataswell.Additionally,sincelessrecoilwasrequiredtomaketheprojectfunctional,thegunrecoilcompensatormechanismwouldalsohavetobechanged.　　Thisprojectwashoweverneveracceptedbythemilitaryandwasbasicallyjustathoughtexercise.Furtherresearchfocusedoncreatingaproposalfortheautomaticloadingofthe122mmM-62gunontheT-10tank.